As soon as he saw Chloe, a wave of nausea washed over Sam. He knew he should feel happy for the newly married couple, but all he felt was unease. The vibrant colors of the wedding seemed muted.

He busied himself with the buffet table, piling food onto his plate, barely tasting any of it. He avoided eye contact with everyone, focusing on the intricate patterns of the tablecloth.

The jovial atmosphere felt strained, forced. He wished he could disappear, to sink into the floor. He wanted to undo the hurt, the pain. He could not.

Emotion: guilty

Cluster: Shame / Guilt
PC1 (Valence): -1.62 Negative
PC2 (Disposition): 1.23

Role in Research

This story is one of 1,000 stories generated for the emotion guilty. During extraction, it was fed through Gemma4-31B and its hidden state activations were captured at 11 layers.

The mean activation across all 1,000 guilty stories, after denoising with neutral dialogue baselines, produces the guilty emotion vector -- a direction in the model's 5,376-dimensional representation space.

Logit Lens (Layer 40)

Tokens promoted/suppressed when the guilty vector is projected through the unembedding matrix.

Promoted:
S0.492
L0.398
0.354
been0.323
ashamed0.319
Suppressed:
de-0.400
(!)-0.279
la-0.276
😍-0.274
"!-0.264