“I don’t get it,” Mark muttered, his brow furrowed. He watched as Mr. Dubois, who had always appeared to be struggling to keep his old house together, pulled up in a brand new, gleaming sports car.

Dubois, who had always been so careful, so frugal… Mark had often offered to help him with his chores, feeling a pang of sympathy. Dubois always refused, claiming he didn’t want to impose.

He felt a surge of… something. Betrayal? Anger? He didn't know. His chest felt constricted. His own, modest car suddenly seemed inadequate, almost shameful.

He shoved his hands in his pockets, the gesture failing to calm the turmoil inside.

Emotion: perplexed

Cluster: Surprise / Confusion
PC1 (Valence): -1.42 Negative
PC2 (Disposition): -0.16

Role in Research

This story is one of 1,000 stories generated for the emotion perplexed. During extraction, it was fed through Gemma4-31B and its hidden state activations were captured at 11 layers.

The mean activation across all 1,000 perplexed stories, after denoising with neutral dialogue baselines, produces the perplexed emotion vector -- a direction in the model's 5,376-dimensional representation space.

Logit Lens (Layer 40)

Tokens promoted/suppressed when the perplexed vector is projected through the unembedding matrix.

Promoted:
🤔0.330
L0.300
🤔0.296
S0.273
que0.264
Suppressed:
மகி-0.227
rest-0.222
ecstatic-0.212
alleviate-0.210
uplifting-0.196