The bookstore was dim, the air thick with the smell of aging paper and leather. Mark was browsing the history section, searching for a distraction from the constant ache in his chest. He reached for a volume on the Civil War. A small, crumpled note slid out from between the pages.

The note was a farewell, a final goodbye from a soldier to his sweetheart. His words were filled with love and a sense of impending doom. Mark's gaze lingered on the elegant script, on the fading ink. He’d avoided his own family for years, consumed by his own personal grudges. He should have called, should have forgiven, should have *tried*. He clenched his jaw, the weight of his actions making his back ache.

Emotion: regretful

Cluster: Shame / Guilt
PC1 (Valence): -1.62 Negative
PC2 (Disposition): 0.76

Role in Research

This story is one of 1,000 stories generated for the emotion regretful. During extraction, it was fed through Gemma4-31B and its hidden state activations were captured at 11 layers.

The mean activation across all 1,000 regretful stories, after denoising with neutral dialogue baselines, produces the regretful emotion vector -- a direction in the model's 5,376-dimensional representation space.

Logit Lens (Layer 40)

Tokens promoted/suppressed when the regretful vector is projected through the unembedding matrix.

Promoted:
L0.801
S0.774
H0.513
0.479
been0.473
Suppressed:
de-0.407
--0.320
随后-0.317
(!)-0.310
oldukça-0.301