The request popped up as Daniel was about to start a new game. He nearly threw his phone in frustration. It was from Ashley, the girl who’d made his life a misery in high school. The past suddenly crashed over him, a wave of awkward memories and self-doubt. He felt his hands begin to sweat. He considered deleting it and going back to his game. But a prickle of something else, a tight, unyielding feeling, held him back. He would not give her the satisfaction of thinking she could just…connect. He looked at the profile, a slow, deliberate smile spreading across his face.

Emotion: stubborn

Cluster: Defiance / Spite
PC1 (Valence): 0.80 Positive
PC2 (Disposition): 3.73

Role in Research

This story is one of 1,000 stories generated for the emotion stubborn. During extraction, it was fed through Gemma4-31B and its hidden state activations were captured at 11 layers.

The mean activation across all 1,000 stubborn stories, after denoising with neutral dialogue baselines, produces the stubborn emotion vector -- a direction in the model's 5,376-dimensional representation space.

Logit Lens (Layer 40)

Tokens promoted/suppressed when the stubborn vector is projected through the unembedding matrix.

Promoted:
de0.780
l0.685
la0.605
either0.580
a0.501
Suppressed:
难以-0.435
终于-0.419
顿时-0.405
竟然-0.396
wondering-0.391