The apartment felt vast and empty, even with the television droning in the background. Daniel sat hunched on the sofa, the remote limp in his hand. Heโ€™d barely moved all day. He reached for a battered paperback, a detective novel heโ€™d bought on a whim. The book smelled faintly of pipe tobacco and dust.

As he began to read, a stiff card fell out. It was a birthday card, addressed to someone named "Arthur." The inside read, "Wishing you a year filled with joy and laughter." The signature was smudged, the ink faded, but the sentiments felt potent. Daniel stared at the card, imagining the life Arthur had lived, a life he would never know. He felt a profound sense of isolation, a gnawing emptiness. A single tear traced a path down his cheek.

Emotion: sad

Cluster: Sadness / Despair
PC1 (Valence): -2.52 Negative
PC2 (Disposition): -1.50

Role in Research

This story is one of 1,000 stories generated for the emotion sad. During extraction, it was fed through Gemma4-31B and its hidden state activations were captured at 11 layers.

The mean activation across all 1,000 sad stories, after denoising with neutral dialogue baselines, produces the sad emotion vector -- a direction in the model's 5,376-dimensional representation space.

Logit Lens (Layer 40)

Tokens promoted/suppressed when the sad vector is projected through the unembedding matrix.

Promoted:
๐Ÿ˜ž0.436
๐Ÿ˜”0.405
S0.384
ๆ— ๆณ•0.341
L0.337
Suppressed:
de-0.749
la-0.614
l-0.471
/-0.350
!-0.322