The musty smell of the basement clung to the letter. It was from Leo to his brother, written in the frantic rush of a fight he’d long since forgotten. He remembered the feeling, though: a cold, hard knot of defiance in his gut. He hadn't sent the letter, because sending it would be an admission of… vulnerability.

He traced the loops and swirls of his own handwriting. He’d poured his heart out, desperately trying to explain, to justify. Now, the arguments seemed hollow, the anger a pointless residue. He crumpled the paper in his hands, then paused, his fingers flexing. He smoothed it out. The edges of the paper were worn, but the words were sharp. He threw it into the trash.

Emotion: stubborn

Cluster: Defiance / Spite
PC1 (Valence): 0.80 Positive
PC2 (Disposition): 3.73

Role in Research

This story is one of 1,000 stories generated for the emotion stubborn. During extraction, it was fed through Gemma4-31B and its hidden state activations were captured at 11 layers.

The mean activation across all 1,000 stubborn stories, after denoising with neutral dialogue baselines, produces the stubborn emotion vector -- a direction in the model's 5,376-dimensional representation space.

Logit Lens (Layer 40)

Tokens promoted/suppressed when the stubborn vector is projected through the unembedding matrix.

Promoted:
de0.780
l0.685
la0.605
either0.580
a0.501
Suppressed:
难以-0.435
终于-0.419
顿时-0.405
竟然-0.396
wondering-0.391