The aroma of freshly printed paper and ink always had a soothing effect on Elias. He’d spent decades painstakingly building a miniature railway empire, the layout snaking around his entire basement. His daughter, Lily, however, was now obsessed. This morning, Elias had found her attempting to reroute the tracks, muttering about “optimizing passenger flow.” His jaw clenched.

“Lily, darling, why don’t you go outside and play?” he asked, his voice tight. She just stared at him, those wide eyes narrowed slightly.

She didn't move. She wanted to know why he had chosen the specific placement of the mountain feature, and would he consider adding a tunnel. He felt a familiar heat rising in his chest. He would not. He’d spent weeks figuring out the optimal gradient. He crossed his arms, the muscles stiffening. "It's fine as it is. Now, out."

Emotion: stubborn

Cluster: Defiance / Spite
PC1 (Valence): 0.80 Positive
PC2 (Disposition): 3.73

Role in Research

This story is one of 1,000 stories generated for the emotion stubborn. During extraction, it was fed through Gemma4-31B and its hidden state activations were captured at 11 layers.

The mean activation across all 1,000 stubborn stories, after denoising with neutral dialogue baselines, produces the stubborn emotion vector -- a direction in the model's 5,376-dimensional representation space.

Logit Lens (Layer 40)

Tokens promoted/suppressed when the stubborn vector is projected through the unembedding matrix.

Promoted:
de0.780
l0.685
la0.605
either0.580
a0.501
Suppressed:
难以-0.435
终于-0.419
顿时-0.405
竟然-0.396
wondering-0.391