Original first-party research with data behind it.
A replication study of Anthropic’s emotion research on Google’s Gemma 4 31B model, finding that internal emotion representations organize along a valence axis.
A comparison of brand recall between Google's Gemma 4 and Gemini 3 Flash models, analyzing how open-weight and closed models prioritize different brands.
This research presents a methodology for quantifying brand authority in large language model memory using Personalized PageRank and directed association graphs.
A fine-tuned Gemma 3 270M model reconstructs the most likely prompts from AI-generated responses using synthetic data and contrastive search configurations.
An analysis of 39.6 million Amazon search queries reveals that query length is an unreliable predictor of search volume compared to semantic content.
Selection Rate Optimization (SRO) is a new discipline focused on visibility in AI-powered search by measuring how often content is selected for grounding.
A qualitative study comparing self-reported reading habits against actual user behavior, tracking mouse movements, scroll patterns, and time on page.
Analysis of how Google selects content to ground Gemini-powered AI shows a fixed 2,000-word budget per query, where relevance rank determines word share.
An analysis of 44,684 web pages reveals a median content length of 3,201 tokens and an average of 10,403 tokens, highlighting implications for AI systems.
An analysis of qualitative interviews with 1,250 professionals exploring how the general workforce, creatives, and scientists integrate AI into their work.
An analysis of 3.9 million AI chat sessions reveals that most interactions are short, non-commercial, and involve users seeking help with writing, learning, or coding.
An empirical study analyzing how Google's AI Mode uses text snippets from multiple sources, finding that snippets are more prompt-aligned than full web pages.
Raw data dump from a citation mining pipeline demo featuring 60 prompts across AEO, AI marketing, AI optimization, AI SEO, and AIO using GPT-5 and Gemini.
Publishing unedited AI-generated text can leak internal GPT-5 structured output markers like turn0search21, which can lead to SEO and reputational risks.
Selection Rate measures how often AI systems select specific items from grounding results. It explores primary bias, model relevance, and the Tree Walker algo.
An experiment testing whether OpenAI's browsing tool provides GPT-5 with grounding context from page schema or only extracts plain text and markdown content.
Social media poll results from 864 votes show that while AI is the dominant label for tools like ChatGPT and Claude, users remain divided on preferred terms.
An analysis of Gemini Embed optimization modes, including classification, retrieval, and semantic similarity, through vector embedding dimension visualization.
An evaluation of four embedding methods comparing speed, storage, and accuracy. Results show mrl truncation maintains high accuracy while reducing file size.
An analysis comparing Google Gemini's keyword volume predictions against actual Google Search Console data reveals weak-to-moderate correlation and limited accuracy.
A framework for comparative circuit analysis between Google's Gemini and Gemma models to identify how different architectures represent brand information.
The DEJAN methodology uses large language models to analyze brand perception and semantic associations, moving beyond traditional keyword rank tracking.
A comparison of 200,000 random numbers provided by humans and Google's Gemma-2-2b-it model reveals significant overlaps and patterns in number selection.
